TCS established the first software research center in India, the Tata Research Development and Design Centre, in Pune, India in 1981. TRDDC undertakes research in Software engineering, Process engineering and systems research. Researchers at TRDDC also developed MasterCraft(now a suite of digitization and optimization tools)[73] a Model Driven Development software that can automatically create code based on a model of a software, and rewrite the code based on the user's needs.On 14 February 2006, U.S. law firm Lieff Cabraser Heimann& Bernstein, LLP filed a nationwide class action lawsuit against Tata.[96] In July 2013, judge Claudia Wilken of the U.S. District Court, Northern District of California in Oakland, California, granted final approval to the settlement of the lawsuit on behalf of all non-U.S. citizens employed by TCS within the state of California from 14 February 2002 to 30 June 2005. The workers claimed that they were forced to sign over their federal and state tax refunds to their employer, as well as stating their Indian salaries were wrongfully deducted from their U.S. pay.[97] On February 22, 2013, the Company entered into an agreement to settle for a sum of INR 16, 163 lakhs($29.75 million), this class action suit filed in a United States Court relating to payment to employees on deputatio
